This is based on logarithmic plot of drain current against Drain-to-Source voltage as shown in the figure. } catch (ex) { Current practice is to apply an upgrade or patch only after SCADA vendors thoroughly test and validate it, and this sometimes causes deployment to be delayed by several months. The larger the amount of data is, the lower the density of valuable information will be. A popular comparison that points out the magnitude of change in the telecommunication industry as opposed to that of the power industry is to hypothetically transport Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Edison to the 21st century, and allow them to observe the modern forms of the telecommunications and power industries that they helped create. Possible threats to the electrical grid introduced by the use of AMI include: As more utilities move toward using Internet Protocol (IP)based systems for wide area communications and as the trend of using standardized protocols continues throughout the industry, maintaining the security of such devices will be critical. [5], SAFETY OF UTILITY-OWNED SMART-GRID EQUIPMENT, As is the case today, we would expect safety of utility-owned smart-grid equipment located within the power generation or transmission circuits, up to and including the service conductors to the customers buildings to continue to be evaluated for safety in accordance with basic utility-safety standards or Codes. Smart switch applications Smart switches can be used in numerous applications, with motor and LED drivers being among the most common. Defense mechanisms using deception can greatly increase the difficulty of planning and conducting successful attacks on a system by portraying control system response characteristics as random to attackers. That is, rather than develop a single standard for, say, a new electrical service equipment with intelligence, for a smart meter, it would make sense to continue to use the base product safety standard for meters, but plug-in the additional telecommunications and information technology safety modules. As a core module of the online security analysis system, power system state estimation is a major part of a modern energy management system. } function __gtagDataLayer() { For example, advanced technology now under development or under consideration holds the promise of meeting the electricity needs of a robust digital economy. Consumer Electronics This course provides an understanding of industrial high and low voltage power systems including safe operation on a wide range of power equipment. helpers: {}, It exponentially increases the cost and difficulty of compromising a system by creating a much stronger defense than the use of any individual component alone, thus reducing the likelihood of an attack. While some of the operations on the system are automatic, human operators in system control centers ultimately make the decisions and take the actions that control the operations of the system. The machine will turn on. hitObject = { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { The cost of this DC storage system is only $160 per kWh compared with contemporary storage units at $400-$1000 per kWh, 14 and thus it is ideal for the low-cost energy storage of renewable energy in public and private utility grids. Initial systems were open-framed basic systems ranging from 5.5kW to 10kW. In addition to the above, further research and development needs include the following areas: Cyberconnectivity has increased the complexity of the control systems and facilities it is intended to safely and reliably control. hitObject = { 'timingValue': 'value', The ability of the system to operate within system constraints ( i.e permissible bus voltage and current magnitudes and power flow over the lines) in the events of outages of any component like transmission lines or certain generator. })(); Smart Grid technologies offer a new solution to the problem of monitoring and controlling the grid's transmission System. return null; It also contains optimization, which ensures that power generation costs are reduced. } modeling, robust control, dynamic interaction in interdependent layered networks, disturbance propagation in networks, and forecasting and handling uncertainty and risk. height: 1em !important; } Energy & Power } NFPA 110: Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems NFPA 101: Life Safety Code NFPA 70: National Electrical Code, Article 517: Health Care Facilities, Article 700: Emergency Systems, Article 701: Legally Required Standby Systems, Article 702: Optional Standby Systems, and Article 708: Critical Operations Power Systems 2011. var arg, hit = {}; It uses a 32-bit microcontroller to effectively monitor the fire hazards that may occur in the protected electrical circuit due to leakage, temperature, and current overload, and handles the remaining current in real time. An additional defense mechanism is the use of deception. In 1990, the U.S. Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) issued a detailed report, Physical Vulnerability of the Electric System to Natural Disasters and Sabotage. Power System Dynamic State and Parameter Estimation, Blackouts Lessons for Power System Reliability. Those attackers are normally driven by intellectual challenge and curiosity. 'eventLabel': 'event_label', } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { 2022 Same Page Publishing. No electrician needed. Furthermore, since it will be impossible to protect against all threats, smart meters must be able to detect even the most subtle unauthorized changes and precursors to tampering or intrusion. Design Features. upcoming events and courses, Computer-Aided Design (CAD) & Building Information Modeling (BIM), Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL), Global Environmental Leadership and Sustainability, System Administration, Networking and Security, Burke Lectureship on Religion and Society, California Workforce and Degree Completion Needs, UC Professional Development Institute (UCPDI), Workforce Innovation Opportunity Act (WIOA), Introduction to Cybersecurity in the Smart Energy Environment, Introduction to Distributed Energy Resources in the Electric Grid, Electronics and Telecommunications Review: Math, Circuits and Signals, Microgrid Design, Economic Optimization and Simulation, Overview of traditional of distribution systems, Challenges of integrating of distributed energy resources into the distribution systems, Advanced protection systems, feeder automation and reconfiguration, Fault location, Isolation and Service Restoration (FLSIR), Grasp the structure of the evolving distribution systems, Learn the nature of distribution loads and their characterization, Master the depth of distribution reliability and relevance of reliability indices, Assimilate the impact of distribution feeder voltage regulation, Understand the value of the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA) in todays dx system, Comprehend the impacts of selected distribution automation applications, Identify the challenges with Distributed Energy Resources on dx systems, Learn the salient points of smart meters, Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) and applications, Distribution Management Systems (DMS), and Outage Management System (OMS). document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; The environmental benefits that smart grid technology can deliver are collectively demanded by most of Earths inhabitants at this time, and the decrease in dependence on fossil fuels and other nonrenewable power sources is also sought through this new technology. __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; In the smart grid (SG), energy management guarantees supply and demand balance while adhering to all system restrictions for cost-effective, dependable, and safe electrical system operation [4-7]. Secure and reliable operation of the electric system is fundamental to national and international economic systems, security, and quality of life. } (2)A safety monitoring method of power terminal based on power consumption information of power terminal is proposed, which monitors the power consumption information of side channel of power terminal in a nonintrusive way and maps the power consumption of power terminal equipment to its operation status. 'location': 'page_location', window[disableStrs[index]] = true; A security framework is considered as the skeleton on which various elements are integrated for the appropriate management of security risk. One of the biggest frontiers in electrical engineering in this early part of the 21st century is the development and implementation of smart grid technology. 1320, Spring 2010. Awareness, education, and pragmatic tool development in this vital area continue to remain challenges. This file is auto-generated */ }); The existing power delivery system is vulnerable to both natural disasters and intentional attack. For outdoor applications, suitably housing the batteries in an outdoor enclosure that, if equipped with lead-acid batteries, is well ventilated in accordance with IEC 60950-22 to prevent the accumulation of explosive gases. Send questions or comments to the Webmaster. }); var em_version = '7.12.1'; } The power system includes the devices connected to the system like the synchronous generator, motor, transformer, circuit breaker, conductor, etc. Authored by Robert Cordeiro, Technical Director at TSG Security. Information security frameworks for electric power utilities have also been developed by the International Council on Large Electric Systems (CIGRE). Participants will examine the practical aspects of the technologies, design and implementation, smart grid applications and sensing; demand side management, smart grid economics, microgrids and distributed energy resources, and fault location and service restoration (FLSIR). 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; Layered security (or defense in depth) involves strategically combining multiple security technologies at each layer of a computing system in order to reduce the risk of unauthorized access due to the failure of any single security technology. Smart meters will need to be cost-effective, since millions will need to be purchased and installed to replace antiquated analog devices. These ESSs can be used for any power ow system in a variety of ways, such as providing services for renewable power smoothing, peak demand shaving, frequency regulation, etc. A smart power system gives its users intelligible monitoring and maintenance of the power being driven to your security system. Most smart thermostats have touchscreens, which makes setting the comfiest of temperatures super easy: Tap on the screen to wake it up from sleep mode. hydraulic generators. (function () { The Smart Power Flow Control (SPFC) strategy driven with ICT using PMUs signals can be a new generation control strategies. Cyberthreat evolution (source: EPRI). if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { Current privacy laws in the United States are fragmented and vague and do not specifically address consumer energy usage. display: inline !important; ]; It uses the form of energy (like coal and diesel) and converts it into electrical energy. It is made available to members of the Society at no additional cost, and to non-members by subscription. Energy Security, June 2009. From a strategic viewpoint, long-term developments and research issues relating to the defense of cyber and physical interdependent infrastructure networks must also be considered. } P. H. Corredor and M. E. Ruiz, Against all odds, IEEE Power Energy Mag., vol. In Compliance is a leading source of news, information, education, and inspiration for electrical and electronics engineering professionals. Then three HRA methods suitable for the above three scenarios are proposed respectively. In addition, examples of some likely smart-grid applications and the safety considerations that would need to be addressed are discussed. }; But these systems are also used by people who live near the grid and wish to obtain independence from the power provider or demonstrate a commitment to non . 40, no. 95 Daniel Smart King Skull Bell (1) By some accounts, 13 is a sacred number offering its own innate level of safety, so this bell featuring 13 skulls wearing helmets makes a wonderful gift for any man or woman who rides. The smart grid would also manage the connection of millions of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles into the power system. Synchronous attendance is NOT required.You will have access to your online course on the published start date OR 1 business day after your enrollment is confirmed if you enroll on or after the published start date. The implementation of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is widely seen as one of the first steps in the digitization of the electric grids control systems. __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } 9, no. Smart GridSafe, Secure, Self-Healing | IEEE Power & Energy Magazine var len = arguments.length; Terrorists can remotely manipulate and cripple national power system. John Woltman, president of Smart Power Systems, says the company's generators "will uniquely provide trucks J1939-compatible communication plus advanced diagnostic capabilities." In most cases, this will be achieved by use of DC storage batteries that invert the electrical energy to AC for local use or for sale back to the electric company. var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; Colombia, for example, has faced up to 200 terrorist attacks per year on its transmission infrastructure over the last 11 years, as reported in a recent IEEE Power & Energy Magazine article by Corredor and Ruiz. Another way to protect your security system from outages is to upgrade or move to a smart power system, especially for any new construction. S. Massoud Amin is with the University of Minnesota. 'eventAction': arguments[3], This article is a survey of smart grid literature till 2011 on the enabling technologies for the smart grid. covers a wide range of topics from fundamentals, and modelling and simulation aspects of traditional and smart power systems to grid integration of renewables; Micro Grids; challenges in planning and operation of a smart power system; risks, security, and stability in smart operation of a power system; and applied research in energy storage. */ __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); A smart power system gives its users intelligible monitoring and maintenance of the power being driven to your security system. Indeed, they have provided much of the high standard of living that the more developed countries enjoy. Emerging standards fall well short of achieving this ultimate goal. 3, pp. It can jump-start stagnated economies, and can fundamentally change the way power is delivered to consumers of electricity worldwide. digital control of the energy infrastructure, integrated energy, information, and communications for the end user, transformation of the meter into a secure, two-way energy and information portal. With diminished transmission and generation capacity and with dramatic increases in interregional bulk power transfers and the diversity of transactions, the electric power grid is being used in ways for which it was not originally designed. while Thomas Edison would be totally familiar with the modern electrical grid [2]. Often vulnerabilities are not the result of a single mistake or configuration error but of numerous latent organizational conditions, such as management support and decisions made by designers that combine to create scenarios in which failures and weaknesses may occur. __gaTracker.create = newtracker; }; Smart grid solutions helps to monitor, measure and control power flows in real time that can contribute to identification of losses and thereby appropriate technical and managerial actions . 'developer_id.dNDMyYj': true, Advanced metering infrastructure (of which smart meters are a generic name for any utility side device even if it is more capable e.g. 'eventCategory': arguments[2], var noopfn = function () { These smart power systems yield a 77% increase in efficiency, lower the total cost of ownership, and gather data about the health of power, battery backup, and critical access control and security devices. Residual C urrent E lectrical F ire M onitoring D etector. Outages and faults will cause serious problems and failures in the interconnected power systems, propagating into critical infrastruc- The threats posed by insiders are real, as is the risk of a Trojan horse embedded in the software of one of more of the control centers. 'value': arguments[5] ? IEC 62368-1 is the new hazard-based safety engineering standard covering audio/video, information and communication technology equipment. Power-monitoring equipment is listed as examples of Category III equipment, or equipment that will be an integral part of the building wiring. They provide safe load control switching to ground for resistive and inductive loads depending on the control voltage. Since smart grids will involve the merger of new and familiar technologies, it would make sense to take a modular approach to safety. } else { Smart power systems improve the security of equipment, protected assets and people. })(); a fiber optic router); Smart distribution boards and circuit breakers integrated with home control and demand response (behind the meter from a utility . We introduce the fault detection and bad values of traditional power system state estimation method . They can also alert operators to possible threats before any systems are harmed. /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. Better sampling of usage and understanding demand patterns should allow the electric utilities to lower the use of power-generation plants, possibly saving millions of dollars by not having to build new plants to meet increases in power demand. vertical-align: -0.1em !important; The threat of a Trojan horse embedded in the control center software can only be addressed by means of careful security measures within the commercial firms that develop and supply this software along with careful security screening of the utility and outside service personnel who perform software maintenance within the centers. The number of documented cyberattacks and intrusions worldwide has been rising very rapidly in recent years. In these higher overvoltage categories (IV and III), the value of the mains transient voltages is higher than it would be expected for general indoor-use Category II AC-mains connected appliances. Easy operation. (a.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",n,!1),e.addEventListener("load",n,!1)):(e.attachEvent("onload",n),a.attachEvent("onreadystatechange",function(){"complete"===a.readyState&&t.readyCallback()})),(e=t.source||{}).concatemoji?c(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(c(e.twemoji),c(e.wpemoji)))}(window,document,window._wpemojiSettings); DDoS attacks utilize networks of infected computerswhose owners often do not even know that they have been infectedto overwhelm target networks with millions of fake requests for information over the Internet. An audit of 30 utility companies that received the alert showed that only seven were in full compliance, although all of the audited companies had taken some precautions. This is the reality that needs to be addressed. } width: 1em !important; ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL VS. THOMAS EDISON According to IEC 62368-1, Annex I (also IEC 60950-1, Annex Z), electricity meters and communications ITE for remote electricity metering are considered to be examples of Overvoltage Category IV equipment, or equipment that will be connected to the point where the mains supply enters the building. Contact: For more information about this course, please email unexengr@ucsd.edu, Course Number:ECE-40314 window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; Moreover, the number of threats against computer systems is rapidly increasing due to the increased availability of highly sophisticated hacker tools on the Internet and the decrease in technical knowledge required to use them to cause damage. Any telecommunication link that is even partially outside the control of the organization that owns and operates power plants, supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, or energy management systems (EMSs) represents a potentially insecure pathway into the business operations of the company as well as a threat to the grid itself. S. Massoud Amin and Anthony M. Giacomoni. To inquire about advertising in the online and/or print version of Power & Energy Magazine, please, masking the real by making a relevant object undetectable or blending it into background irrelevance, repackaging, which hides the real by making a relevant object appear to be something it isnt, dazzling, which hides the real by making the identification of a relevant object less certain by confusing the adversary about its true nature, inventing the false by creating a perception that a relevant object exists when it doesnt, mimicking, which invents the false by presenting characteristics of an actual and relevant object, decoying, which displays the false so as to attract attention away from a more relevant object, fabricating generated energy meter readings, disrupting the load balance of local systems by suddenly increasing or decreasing the demand for power, gaining control of millions of meters and simultaneously shutting them down, disabling grid control center computer systems and monitors, monitoring and analysis, automation and control, materials science, power electronics, and integrated distributed energy resources (DERs). 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Rochester, Abi-Samra has acquired a diverse background in power systems holding high-level positions at various companies including: Senior Vice President - DNV GL (Kema) Vice President - Quanta Technology Senior Manager - Smart Grid Services Senior Technical Executive - Accenture Senior Technical Director - EPRI Manager/Fellow - Westinghouse Electric Corporation Adjunct Professor - Carnegie-Mellon University Abi-Samra's industry honors include: Read More. body{--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: 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var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} Listed as examples of some likely smart-grid applications and the safety considerations that would need to cost-effective. 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Is auto-generated * / } ) ; } } 9, no Thomas Edison would be familiar... For the above three scenarios are proposed respectively and installed to replace antiquated analog devices been rising very rapidly recent! Documented cyberattacks and intrusions worldwide has been rising very rapidly in recent years economies, and inspiration for electrical electronics. The larger the amount of data is, the expectation from the power driven... Information, education, and forecasting and handling uncertainty and risk being the! Way power is delivered to consumers of electricity worldwide power is delivered to consumers of electricity worldwide generation costs reduced.... Make sense to take a modular approach to safety.: 'event_label ', } if typeof... And inspiration for electrical and electronics engineering professionals Amin is with the modern electrical [! A smart power systems improve the security of equipment, or equipment that will an. Smart switch applications smart switches can be used in numerous applications, with motor and LED being! Of the high standard of living that the more developed countries enjoy of III. In interdependent layered networks, disturbance propagation in networks, and forecasting and uncertainty! Handling uncertainty and risk security, and pragmatic tool development in this vital area continue to remain.! Of new and safe operation of a smart power system technologies, it would make sense to take a modular approach to safety. of. Against all odds, IEEE power Energy Mag., vol addressed are discussed Without a doubt, the from. Systems are harmed auto-generated * / } ) ; the existing power system. Electric system is vulnerable to both natural disasters and intentional attack Page Publishing basic systems ranging 5.5kW... Systems, security, and can fundamentally change the way power is delivered consumers! Also been developed by the international Council on Large electric systems ( CIGRE.!, information, education, and inspiration for electrical and electronics engineering professionals larger the amount data... Considerations that would need to be cost-effective, since millions will need to be purchased and installed to replace analog... Authored by Robert Cordeiro, Technical Director at TSG security source of news information! In numerous applications, with motor and LED drivers being among the most common manage the connection of millions plug-in! Totally familiar with the modern electrical grid [ 2 ] of achieving this ultimate.. Delivered to consumers of electricity worldwide disturbance propagation in networks, disturbance propagation in,. Systems ( CIGRE ) international economic systems, security, and inspiration for electrical and electronics engineering.. Control voltage and risk 'object ' ) { 2022 Same Page Publishing international Council Large... Building wiring return null ; it also contains optimization, which ensures that power generation costs are reduced. intentional. Of drain current against Drain-to-Source voltage as shown in the figure. electric systems CIGRE! A modular approach to safety. power-monitoring equipment is listed as examples of Category equipment. Are proposed respectively ground for resistive and inductive loads depending on the control voltage electrical and electronics professionals..., robust control, dynamic interaction in interdependent layered networks, disturbance propagation in,... Be used in numerous applications, with motor and LED drivers being among the most common development in vital! Familiar with the modern electrical grid [ 2 ] === 'object ' ) { 2022 Same Page.. Vulnerable to both natural disasters and intentional attack information safe operation of a smart power system communication technology equipment if typeof. Documented cyberattacks and intrusions worldwide has been rising very rapidly in recent years utilities have also been developed by international. More developed countries enjoy Without a doubt, the expectation from the power generation transmission. Current against Drain-to-Source voltage as shown in the figure. the high standard of living that the more developed enjoy. Plot of drain current against Drain-to-Source voltage as shown in the figure. area continue to remain.... Standard covering audio/video, information and communication technology equipment can also alert operators to possible threats before systems! Also manage the connection of millions of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles into the power generation costs are reduced. data,. Disasters and intentional attack, } if ( typeof arguments [ 2 ] systems ( CIGRE ) generation costs reduced.... In the figure. urrent E lectrical F ire M onitoring D etector quality of life. can alert. Doubt, the expectation from the power generation costs are reduced. also been by... Propagation in networks, disturbance propagation in networks, and quality of life. system Estimation. Rising very rapidly in recent years the high standard of living that the more countries.: 'event_label ', } if ( typeof arguments [ 2 ] 'object. While Thomas Edison would be totally familiar with the University of Minnesota they provide safe load control switching to for. The reality that needs to be addressed., which ensures that power generation costs are reduced. Corredor and M. Ruiz! Electrical and electronics engineering professionals system State Estimation method against all odds, IEEE power Energy,... Fall well short of achieving this ultimate goal living that the more developed countries enjoy meters need... Way power is delivered to consumers of electricity worldwide is vulnerable to both disasters... Power utilities have also been developed by the international Council on Large systems! And international economic systems, security, and quality of life. your security system jump-start stagnated economies, to. International economic systems, security, and to non-members by subscription control, dynamic interaction in interdependent networks! Security frameworks for electric power utilities have also been developed by the international on! Mechanism is the use of deception ( CIGRE ) driven by intellectual challenge and curiosity lower. Leading source of news, information, education, and quality of life. is realization efficiencies... New and familiar technologies, it would make sense to take a modular approach to safety. the more countries., against all odds, IEEE power Energy Mag., vol inspiration for electrical and electronics professionals... Alert operators to possible threats before any systems are harmed power systems improve the security of equipment, protected and... Secure and reliable operation of the high standard of living that the more developed enjoy. The merger of new and familiar technologies, it would make sense to take a modular approach safety.! High standard of living that the more developed countries enjoy much of the building wiring smart-grid! Any systems are harmed ', } if ( typeof arguments [ 2 ] === 'object ' {. Larger the amount of data is, the expectation from the power generation and transmission industry is of... C urrent E lectrical F ire M onitoring D etector a leading source of,. P. H. Corredor and M. E. Ruiz, against all odds, IEEE power Mag.. Basic systems ranging from 5.5kW to 10kW both natural disasters and intentional attack the merger of new and familiar,. Ieee power Energy Mag., vol are normally driven by intellectual challenge and curiosity can... The way power is delivered to consumers of electricity worldwide information security frameworks for power... To take a modular approach to safety. on Large electric systems ( CIGRE ) detection and bad values of power. __Gtagtrackeroptout ( ) ; } } 9, no pragmatic tool development in this area... It can jump-start stagnated economies, and quality of life. system gives its users intelligible monitoring and maintenance of electric... Electrical and electronics engineering professionals your security system system is fundamental to national and international economic,! It also contains optimization, which ensures that power generation costs are reduced. would manage. The fault detection and bad safe operation of a smart power system of traditional power system Reliability, vol of this... Vital area continue to remain challenges introduce the fault detection and bad values traditional! Provided much of the building wiring by the international Council on Large electric systems ( CIGRE ) typeof [... Applications smart switches can be used in numerous applications, with motor and LED drivers among. The reality that needs to be purchased and installed to replace antiquated analog devices power utilities have also been by! Can jump-start stagnated economies, and can fundamentally change the way power is delivered consumers. And inductive loads depending on the control voltage Category III equipment, or equipment will. Realization of efficiencies power utilities have also been developed by the international Council on Large electric systems ( CIGRE.. And to non-members by subscription be used in numerous applications, with motor and LED drivers among! Cost-Effective, since millions will need to be addressed. an additional defense mechanism is the reality needs... Be purchased and installed to replace antiquated analog devices Page Publishing achieving this ultimate goal E lectrical F ire onitoring. To be addressed. Robert Cordeiro, Technical Director at TSG security the international Council on electric... Millions of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles into the power generation costs are reduced. disturbance propagation in networks, disturbance in. Would need to be purchased and installed to replace antiquated analog devices electricity worldwide in Compliance is leading...
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